The 5th emperor of the Ming dynasty. Reigning from 1425 to 1435, he succeeded to the throne as the eldest son of the Hongxi Emperor. In politics, he utilized the advice of the Grand Secretaries to pursue administrative reforms and tax cuts. While he suppressed a rebellion led by his uncle Zhu Gaoxu, Ming control over Vietnam came to an end during his reign. He was also accomplished in poetry, calligraphy, and painting, excelling particularly in depictions of birds, flowers, and animals. The Xuande era is remembered as a period of relative political stability for the Ming dynasty.

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