Mehmed II

The 7th monarch of the Ottoman Empire, also known as the Conqueror (Fatih). He first ascended the throne in 1444 and became sultan again in 1451. In 1453, he conquered Constantinople, putting an end to the Byzantine Empire, and made the city the capital of his empire. He continued to expand his territory across the Balkans and Anatolia, while advancing centralization and administrative institutions. He also showed keen interest in classical Greco-Roman culture and science, patronizing scholars and artists.

Timeline

Category
Element

Year	Mehmed II
1432	Birth of Mehmed II (Period: March 30, 1432, Location: Edirne, Republic of Turkey)
1444	Crusade of Varna (Age: 11 years old, Period: 1444, Location: Around Varna, Northeastern Bulgaria) First Accession of Mehmed II (Age: 11 years old, Period: 1444, Location: Edirne (modern Edirne, Republic of Turkey))
1449	Marriage (Mehmed II, Sitti Şah Mükrime Hatun, Age: 16 years old, Period: 1449, Location: Said to be Edirne, but details unknown)
1451	Construction of Rumelihisarı (Age: 18 years old, Period: 1451–1452, Location: European side of the Bosphorus (modern Istanbul)) Integration of the Anatolian Peninsula and Territorial Expansion (Age: 18 years old, Period: 1451–1481, Location: Anatolian Peninsula (region centered on modern Turkey)) Patronage of Science and Arts (Age: 18 years old, Period: 1451–1481, Location: Ottoman Empire centered on Constantinople) Development of Legal System and Centralized Administration (Age: 18 years old, Period: 1451–1481, Location: Entire Ottoman Empire)
1453	Capitalization of Constantinople by the Ottoman Empire (Age: 20 years old, Period: After 1453, Location: Constantinople (modern Istanbul)) Urban Reconstruction after the Conquest of Constantinople (Age: 20 years old, Period: After 1453, Location: Constantinople (modern Istanbul)) Claim to the Title of Successor to the Roman Emperor (Age: 20 years old, Period: After 1453, Location: Constantinople) Byzantine-Ottoman Wars (Age: 21 years old, Period: April 6 – May 29, 1453, Location: Constantinople (modern Istanbul, Republic of Turkey)) Fall of Constantinople (Age: 21 years old, Period: May 29, 1453, Location: Constantinople (modern Istanbul))
1454	Ottoman-Serbian Wars (Age: 21 years old, Period: Serbian Expedition centered around 1454–1455, Location: Serbia, Balkan Peninsula)
1458	Morean Expedition (Age: 25 years old, Period: 1458–1460, Location: Peloponnese Peninsula (modern Greece))
1461	Conquest of the Empire of Trebizond (Age: 28 years old, Period: 1461, Location: Trebizond on the Black Sea coast (modern Trabzon, Republic of Turkey))
1463	Conquest of Bosnia (Age: 30 years old, Period: 1463, Location: Bosnia (modern Bosnia and Herzegovina))
1476	Ottoman-Moldavian Wars (Age: 43 years old, Period: 1470s, especially 1475 and 1476, Location: Moldavia (eastern Romania and surrounding areas))
1480	Expedition of Otranto (Age: 47 years old, Period: 1480–1481, Location: Otranto (modern southeastern Apulia region, Italy))
1481	Ottoman Succession and War of the Throne (Mehmed II, Age: 48 years old, Period: 1481, Location: Various regions of the Ottoman Empire) Death of Mehmed II (Age: 49 years old, Period: May 3, 1481. Died near Gebze in present-day Kocaeli Province, Republic of Turkey.)
Unknown	Ottoman-Venetian War (Period: 1463–1479, Location: Aegean Sea, Greece, Albania, Adriatic coast, etc.) Marriage (Mehmed II, Gülbahar Hatun, Period: Mid-15th century. Exact date unknown, Location: Exact location unknown) Marriage (Mehmed II, Gülşah Hatun, Period: Mid-15th century. Exact date unknown, Location: Exact location unknown) Marriage (Mehmed II, Çiçek Hatun, Period: Mid-15th century. Exact date unknown, Location: Exact location unknown) Marriage (Mehmed II, Anna Hatun, Period: Unknown, Location: Exact location unknown)

Map

Category
Element

Asia World

Group	List
Ottoman Empire	Mehmed II Bayezid II Selim I Suleiman I Selim II Murad III Mehmed III Ahmed I Murad IV Mehmed IV Mustafa II Ahmed III
Safavid dynasty	Suleiman I Abbas I Shah Ismail I Tahmasp I Ismail II Safi I Abbas II Sultan Hossein Nader Shah
Trade and Diplomacy	Piri Reis Hayreddin Pasha Turgut Reis Aruj Reis Abbas I Anthony Shirley Robert Shirley Jean Chardin Pietro della Valle William Baffin

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Mehmed II

Mehmed II

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