Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and husband of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. He married Victoria in 1840 and was formally granted the title "Prince Consort" in 1857. Taking a deep interest in diverse fields such as politics, diplomacy, education, science, art, and industry, he exerted a major influence on the governance of Britain as the Queen's private and political advisor. Particularly renowned for spearheading the Great Exhibition of 1851 in London, he made substantial contributions to the advancement of industry, science, and art. He also supported army reform and was involved in post-Crimean War British military reform and the establishment of the Victoria Cross.

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