English novelist, poet, journalist, and translator. Known by her pen name George Eliot, she is one of the leading literary figures of the Victorian era. She published works such as "Adam Bede," "The Mill on the Floss," "Silas Marner," "Romola," "Middlemarch," and "Daniel Deronda," portraying provincial society, middle-class life, human relationships, morality, religion, and the position of women with deep psychological insight and a realistic touch. "Middlemarch" in particular is highly acclaimed as a masterpiece of 19th-century English literature. From a young age, she was interested in German philosophy and religious thought, eventually distancing herself from Christian faith. Her life as domestic partners with George Henry Lewes from 1854 to 1878 was highly unusual for the era, making her a significant figure when considering Victorian marriage customs and women's social standing. She was an intellectual who pondered widely not only literature, but also ethics, religion, philosophy, science, and the social status of women.

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