A German composer, pianist, and conductor. While being one of the representative composers of 19th-century Romanticism, he valued pre-Classical traditions such as Bach, Mozart, and Beethoven, fusing strict structure with rich Romantic expression. He left masterpieces across a wide range of genres including symphonies, concertos, chamber music, piano pieces, Lieder, and choral works, and is known for "A German Requiem", Symphonies No. 1 to 4, "Hungarian Dances", and Piano Concertos No. 1 and 2. His musical philosophy contrasted with that of Richard Wagner, and in the latter half of the 19th century, German music was often discussed in terms of an opposition between the "Brahmsian" and "Wagnerian" factions. He spent much of his life unmarried and formed a particularly deep spiritual and musical relationship with Clara Schumann.

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