A German theologian, university professor, and Protestant Reformer. He joined the Wittenberg Reformation as an early collaborator of Martin Luther, but clashed with him from the early 1520s over issues such as the Eucharist, church art, and worship formats. He promoted radical liturgical reforms, criticized iconoclasm and the veneration of saints, and advocated for German-language services and lay participation in the Lord's Supper. Subsequently expelled from Saxony, he relocated to Switzerland and served his final years as a professor of Hebrew and pastor at the university church at the University of Basel. He died of the plague in 1541. His thought influenced radical reformers, Anabaptists, and the Swiss Reformed tradition.

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