A leading painter, printmaker, and draftsman of the 17th-century Dutch Golden Age. Characterized by strong contrasts of light and shadow, psychological characterization, and dramatic composition, he left a wide range of works including portraits, historical paintings, religious works, landscapes, and self-portraits. He began his career in Leiden before moving to Amsterdam around 1631, where he achieved great success. His masterworks include "The Night Watch," "Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp," and "The Jewish Bride." On the other hand, heavy expenditure on paintings, prints, art objects, and antiquities led to financial difficulties, resulting in a declaration of bankruptcy in 1656 and the liquidation of his property and art collection. He continued creating works in his final years despite ongoing financial hardship.

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