English Settlement and Survival in Early America
Colonial settlement
Early English colonization involved establishing permanent settlements in North America, facing extreme hardships such as famine, disease, and conflicts with Indigenous populations. Venturing across the Atlantic, charter companies and settlers laid the institutional, economic, and social foundations for future American colonies.
People
Birth
Death
Origin
Age (Death)
| 1550 | |
|---|---|
| 1561 | |
| 1572 | |
| 1580 | |
| 1580 | |
| 1580 | |
| 1580 |
Timeline
| Category | |
|---|---|
| Element |
| Year | Colonial settlement |
|---|---|
| 1550 |
Birth of Edward Maria Wingfield (Period: 1550 (exact date unknown), Location: Around Kimbolton, in present-day Cambridgeshire)
|
| 1561 |
Birth of Christopher Newport (Period: December 1561 (data shows uncertainty regarding the exact birthdate), Location: London (Limehouse remains a district within London today))
|
| 1569 |
Participation in Colonization Activities in Ireland
|
| 1570 |
English Military Actions in Ireland
|
| 1572 |
Birth of William Strachey (Period: April 4, 1572, Location: Saffron Walden, a town in Essex, England today)
|
| 1576 |
Admission to Lincoln’s Inn (Edward Maria Wingfield)
|
| 1580 |
Birth of Thomas Gates (Period: Unknown (latter half of the 16th century, with some sources placing it around the 1580s), Location: Birthplace within Essex is unknown as it cannot be specified)
Commencement of Life at Sea
Birth of John Smith (Period: c. 1579. Exact birthdate unknown. Recorded as baptized on January 6, 1580., Location: Willoughby (a village in Lincolnshire, England today). Near Alford.)
Birth of George Percy (Period: September 4, 1580, Location: Around Petworth, in present-day West Sussex, England)
Birth of Samuel Argall (Period: Baptized December 4, 1580 (theories place his birth year around 1572 or 1580), Location: East Sutton (presently near Maidstone, Kent, England))
|
| 1584 |
Marriage (Christopher Newport, Katherine Proctor)
|
| 1585 |
Anglo-Spanish War
|
| 1586 |
Battle of Zutphen
|
| 1588 |
Captivity under Spanish Forces
Admission to Emmanuel College (William Strachey)
|
| 1590 |
Privateering Expeditions to the Caribbean and Spanish Territory
Battle in Which He Lost His Right Arm
Marriage (Christopher Newport, Ellen Ade)
|
| 1591 |
Blockade of Cuba and Attacks on Spanish Ships
|
| 1592 |
Capture of the Madre de Deus
Newport’s 1592 Expedition
|
| 1593 |
Long Turkish War
Assumption of Office as Member of Parliament (Edward Maria Wingfield)
|
| 1595 |
Marriage (Christopher Newport, Elizabeth Glanville)
Marriage (William Strachey, Frances Forster)
|
| 1596 |
Participation in the Raid on Cádiz
Capture of Cádiz
Knighthood
|
| 1597 |
Graduation from Oxford University (George Percy)
Admission to Gray’s Inn (Thomas Gates)
|
| 1599 |
Raid on Tabasco
|
| 1600 |
Eighty Years’ War
Military Service in the Netherlands
|
| 1602 |
Fighting Ottoman Forces and Falling Captive
Organization of the Virginia Colonization Plan
|
| 1603 |
Failed Raid on Spanish Jamaica
Raid on Puerto Caballos
|
| 1605 |
Involvement in the Establishment of the Virginia Company
Legal Education at Gray’s Inn
Publication of "Upon Sejanus"
|
| 1606 |
Accusation of Mutiny and Detention During the Voyage to Jamestown
Participation in the Establishment of the Jamestown Colony
Command of the Virginia Company’s Colonizing Voyage
Posting to Constantinople
Voyage of the Jamestown Colonists
Participation in the First Jamestown Colonizing Fleet
|
| 1607 |
Diplomacy and Food Negotiations with Powhatan
Participation in the Construction of Jamestown
First Supply Mission
Exploration of the James River
Support for Edward Maria Wingfield and Internal Political Conflict in the Colony
Record of Early Colonial Life in Jamestown
Accusations, Trial, and Rehabilitation
Arrival at the Jamestown Colony
Erection of the Cross at Cape Henry
Early Armed Conflicts with Native Americans at Jamestown
Construction of Jamestown
Election as First President of the Jamestown Council
Repulse of the Jamestown Attack
Deposition of Wingfield as President
Capture of John Smith by Opechancanough
Alleged Rescue of John Smith by Pocahontas
|
| 1608 |
Jamestown Fire
Chesapeake Bay Exploration and Mapmaking
Labor Reforms in the Jamestown Colony
Coronation of Powhatan
Namontack’s Visit to England
Second Supply Mission
Authoring of "A Discourse of Virginia"
Orders for Dispatch to the Virginia Colony
Return from Jamestown (Edward Maria Wingfield)
Activities as Leader of Jamestown
|
| 1609 |
First Anglo-Powhatan War
Severe Injury from Gunpowder Explosion
Third Supply Mission
Starving Time
Construction of Fort Algernon
Involvement in the Second Virginia Charter
Continued Involvement in the Virginia Company
Participation in the Third Supply Fleet by the Virginia Company
Construction of New Ships in Bermuda
Establishment of Colonial Foundations in Bermuda
Discovery of a Shortened Route to Virginia
Food Relief for Jamestown
First Voyage to Virginia
Castaway Life in Bermuda
Drowning of Matthew Scrivener
Assumption of Office as Secretary of the Virginia Colony (William Strachey)
Investment in the Virginia Company
Voyage to Virginia Aboard the Sea Venture
Shipwreck of the Sea Venture
Encounter with a Spanish Reconnaissance Ship
Return of John Smith to England (George Percy) and Commencement of Percy’s Governance
Assumption of Office as President of the Virginia Colony (George Percy)
|
| 1610 |
Promotional Activities for New England Colonization
Final Voyage to Jamestown
Defensive Battle of Jamestown Fort
Military Actions Against the Powhatan Confederacy
Reconstruction of the Jamestown Colony
Activities of Lord De La Warr as Deputy Governor
Jamestown Relief Voyage
Naming of Delaware Bay
Arrival at Jamestown
Influence on Shakespeare’s Works
Creation of Records Concerning the Jamestown Colony
Later Years in Poverty
Transfer of Authority to Sir Thomas Gates
Arrival at Jamestown and the "Starving Time"
Enactment of Martial Law "Laws Divine, Morall and Martiall"
Jamestown Relief
Decision to Abandon Jamestown
Authoring of the Account of the Sea Venture Shipwreck
Creation of the Account of the Sea Venture Shipwreck
Attacks on the Paspahegh and Chickahominy
|
| 1611 |
Appointment as Deputy Governor (George Percy) After De La Warr’s Return
Assumption of Office as Deputy Governor of the Virginia Colony (George Percy)
Return Voyage to the Virginia Colony
Governance During the Henricus Construction Period
Recording and Publication of Virginia Colonial Law
Return from Virginia (William Strachey)
|
| 1612 |
Joining the East India Company
Procurement of Food along the Potomac River
Authoring of "The Historie of Travaile Into Virginia Britannia"
Return from Virginia (George Percy)
|
| 1613 |
East India Company’s Eastern Voyage
Anglo-French Colonial Competition in North America and the Acadia Expedition
Negotiations Concerning Pocahontas
Attack on Saint-Sauveur in Acadia
Attacks on Sainte-Croix and Port-Royal
Visit to Manhattan
Acadia Expedition
Capture of Pocahontas
|
| 1614 |
Exploration of the New England Coast
Return to England (Thomas Gates)
Continued Support for the Virginia Company
|
| 1615 |
Guiana Exploration Plan
Marriage (William Strachey, Dorothy)
|
| 1617 |
Accusations as Governor of Virginia
Deputy Governor of the Virginia Colony
Arrival at Bantam and Death (Christopher Newport)
Arrival at Bantam and Death
Death of Christopher Newport
|
| 1618 |
Return to England (Samuel Argall) and Investigation into Accusations
|
| 1620 |
Authoring of "A True Relation of the Proceedings and Occurrents of Moment"
Expedition to Algiers in North Africa
Participation in the Algiers Expedition
Sale of Virginia Company Stock
|
| 1621 |
Resumption of Military Activities in the Netherlands
Death of William Strachey
Death (William Strachey) and Burial
Death and Burial
|
| 1622 |
Death of Thomas Gates
|
| 1624 |
Publication of The Generall Historie of Virginia, New-England, and the Summer Isles
|
| 1625 |
Naval Combat off the French Coast
Command of the French Coast Fleet
Attack on Cádiz
Cádiz Expedition
|
| 1626 |
Death of Samuel Argall
Death at Sea (Samuel Argall)
Death at Sea
|
| 1631 |
Death of Edward Maria Wingfield
Death of John Smith
|
| 1632 |
Death of George Percy
|
| Unknown |
Marriage (George Percy, theory that spouse was Anne Floyd, Location: Unknown. Time unknown.)
Anglo-Spanish War (Period: Early 17th century, Location: Ireland, Netherlands, etc.)
Marriage (John Smith, Not Applicable, Period: No record of marriage confirmed throughout his life., Location: Not Applicable)
Marriage (George Percy, Not Applicable, Period: Not Applicable, Location: Not Applicable)
Marriage (Samuel Argall, None, Period: Not Applicable, Location: Not Applicable)
|
Map
| Category | |
|---|---|
| Element |
United States
World
Related Links
| Group | List |
|---|---|
| New England | Governor Leader The Addams Family Indigenous People |
| South | Colonial settlement Bacon's Rebellion The Washington family North Carolina Early Settlers Virginia politician |
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